Java JPA: ORM database persistence framework tutorial

create database corpinfo;
use corpinfo;

CREATE TABLE corporation (id        integer NOT NULL,
                          name      varchar(255),
                          description varchar(255),
                          address   varchar(255),
                          zipcode   varchar(16),
                          phone     varchar(32),
                          PRIMARY KEY (id))ENGINE=INNODB;


INSERT INTO corporation (id,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (1,'Mega Corp','Global industrial multinational corporation','555 Mega Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-800-555-1211');
INSERT INTO corporation (id,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (2,'Super Corp','National industrial corporation','555 Super Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-877-555-1212');
INSERT INTO corporation (id,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (3,'Mini Corp','State industrial corporation','555 Mini Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-888-555-1213');
INSERT INTO corporation (id,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (4,'Stone Corp','Rock Quarry','111 Rock Way, Acropolis CA','90210','1-899-555-1214');

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name="corporation")
public class Corporation {
    @Id                // Tell JPA that id is the primary key
    private Integer id;
    private String  name;
    private String  description;
    private String  address;
    private String  zipcode;
    private String  phone;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer _id) {
        this.id = _id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String _Name) {
        this.name = _Name;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void setDescription(String _Description) {
        this.description = _Description;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String _Address) {
        this.address = _Address;
    }

    public String getZipcode() {
        return zipcode;
    }
    public void setZipcode(String _Zipcode) {
        this.zipcode = _Zipcode;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String _Phone) {
        this.phone = _Phone;
    }
};

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.apache.log4j.spi.RootLogger;

import java.util.List;

public class TestDb {
    static{                // Static initializer
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
        RootLogger.getRootLogger().setLevel(Level.WARN);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("com.corpinfo.model");
        EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();

        // Add a new record to corporation
        Corporation corporation = new Corporation();
        corporation.setId(5);
        corporation.setName("Extra Corp");
        corporation.setDescription("Extra industrial multinational corporation");
        corporation.setAddress("555 Extra Way, Acropolis CA");
        corporation.setZipcode("90267");
        corporation.setPhone("1-800-555-1213");
        
        try {
            entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
            entityManager.persist(corporation);
            entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             entityManager.getTransaction().rollback();
        }

        try {
            Corporation corp3 = entityManager.find(Corporation.class, 3);
            System.out.println("Corp 3 name: " + corp3.getName() + " Zipcode: " + corp3.getZipcode());
            Corporation corp5 = entityManager.find(Corporation.class, 5);
            System.out.println("Corp 5 name: " + corp5.getName() + " Zipcode: " + corp5.getZipcode());
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             entityManager.getTransaction().rollback();
        } finally {
             entityManager.close();
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" 
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
             version="2.0">
    <persistence-unit name="com.corpinfo.model" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <class>Corporation</class>
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/corpinfo"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="supersecretpassword"/>
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql"     value="false"/>
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql"   value="true"/>
            <property name="hibernate.flushMode"    value="FLUSH_AUTO"/>
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="validate"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<project name="TestHibernate" default="compile" basedir=".">
    <description>Test hibernate JPA</description>
    <property name="build.dir" value="./" />
    <property name="dest.dir" value="./" />
    <property environment="env" />
    <path id="classpath">
         <pathelement location="/usr/java/latest/lib/tools.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="${build.dir}"/>
         <pathelement location="${build.dir}/META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/mysql-connector-java-5.1.32/mysql-connector-java-5.1.32-bin.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/mysql-connector-java-5.1.32/lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/apache-log4j-1.2.17/log4j-1.2.17.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/jpa/hibernate-entitymanager-4.2.15.Final.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/antlr-2.7.7.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/dom4j-1.6.1.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/hibernate-core-4.2.15.Final.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/jboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jar"/>
         <pathelement location="/opt/hibernate-release-4.2.15.Final/lib/required/jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar"/>
    </path>
    <target name="clean" description="Remove .class files">
        <delete includeEmptyDirs="true" failonerror="false">
            <fileset dir="${dest.dir}">
                <include name="**/*.class"/>
                <include name="test-hibernate.jar"/>
            </fileset>
        </delete>
    </target>
    <target name="compile">
       <javac srcdir="./" destdir="./" debug="true" includeAntRuntime="false">
          <classpath refid="classpath"/>
          <include name="**/*.java"/>
       </javac>
    </target>
    <target name="jar" depends="compile" description="test example">
      <jar jarfile="${dest.dir}/test-hibernate.jar">
        <fileset dir="${dest.dir}" includes="**/*.class"/>
        <fileset dir="${dest.dir}" includes="META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
        <manifest>
            <attribute name="Main-Class" value="TestDb"/>
            <attribute name="Class-Path" value="classpath"/>
            <attribute name="Implementation-Title" value="Example"/>
            <attribute name="Implementation-Version" value="1.0"/>
            <attribute name="Implementation-Vendor" value="corpinfo.com"/>
        </manifest>
      </jar>
    </target>
    <target name="run" depends="jar">
        <java classname="TestDb" failonerror="true" fork="true">
            <classpath>
                <path refid="classpath"/>
                <path location="./"/>
            </classpath>
        </java>
    </target>
</project>

<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbName"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect" />

<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/dbName"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect"/>

<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:derby:memory/derbydb;create=true" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyDialect" />

<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:."/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>

<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:dbName" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect" />

create database corpinfo;
use corpinfo;

CREATE TABLE corporation (id_pk     integer NOT NULL,
                          name      char(255),
                          description TEXT,
                          address   char(255),
                          zipcode   char(16),
                          phone     char(32),
                          PRIMARY KEY (ID_pk))ENGINE=INNODB;

CREATE TABLE employee  (id_pk       integer NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                        corp_fk     integer NOT NULL,
                        name        char(255),
                        department  char(64),
                        title       char(64),
                        address     char(255),
                        zipcode     char(16),
                        phone       char(32),
                        PRIMARY KEY (id_pk))ENGINE=INNODB;
ALTER TABLE employee ADD FOREIGN KEY(corp_fk) REFERENCES corporation(id_pk)
ON DELETE CASCADE;

CREATE TABLE corp_award (id_pk   integer   NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                         corp_fk integer   NOT NULL,
                         award_date TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
                         -- Define enums as upper case to match the enum in the Java class "AwardValue".
                         value   ENUM('POOR','OK','GOOD','EXCELLENT','GREAT','PERFECT') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'ok',
                         PRIMARY KEY (id_pk))ENGINE=INNODB;
ALTER TABLE corp_award ADD FOREIGN KEY(corp_fk) REFERENCES corporation(id_pk)
ON DELETE CASCADE;

INSERT INTO corporation (id_pk,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (1,'Mega Corp','Global industrial multinational corporation','555 Mega Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-800-555-1211');
INSERT INTO corporation (id_pk,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (2,'Super Corp','National industrial corporation','555 Super Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-877-555-1212');
INSERT INTO corporation (id_pk,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (3,'Mini Corp','State industrial corporation','555 Mini Way, Acropolis CA','90266','1-888-555-1213');
INSERT INTO corporation (id_pk,name,description,address,zipcode,phone) 
       VALUES (4,'Stone Corp','Rock Quarry','111 Rock Way, Acropolis CA','90210','1-899-555-1214');

INSERT INTO employee (corp_fk,department,title,name,address,zipcode,phone)
       VALUES (1,'George Castanza','Corporate Officer','CTO','1414 Cherry Lane, Burbsville CA','90266','1-800-555-1213');
INSERT INTO employee (corp_fk,department,title,name,address,zipcode,phone)
       VALUES (1,'Paul Stonehenge','Corporate Officer','CEO','1514 Peachtree Lane, Burbsville CA','90266','1-800-555-1215');
INSERT INTO employee (corp_fk,department,title,name,address,zipcode,phone)
       VALUES (1,'John Watermark','IT','System Admin','1814 Appleseed Drive, Burbsville CA','90266','1-800-555-1218');
INSERT INTO employee (corp_fk,department,title,name,address,zipcode,phone)
       VALUES (4,'Fred Flinstone','Quary Worker','Rock Digger','1814 Appleseed Drive, Burbsville CA','90266','1-800-555-1218');
INSERT INTO employee (corp_fk,department,title,name,address,zipcode,phone)
       VALUES (4,'Wilma Flinstone','Finance','Analyst','1814 Appleseed Drive, Burbsville CA','90266','1-800-555-1218');

INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk)       VALUES (1);
INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk,value) VALUES (1,'good');
INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk,value) VALUES (2,'ok');
INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk,value) VALUES (3,'excellent');
INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk,value) VALUES (4,'good');
SELECT SLEEP(2);
INSERT INTO corp_award (corp_fk,value) VALUES (4,'excellent');

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Table(name="corporation")
public class Corporation {
    @Id                // Tell JPA that id is the primary key
    @Column(name="id_pk")
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name="name",columnDefinition="char(255)")
    private String Name;

    @Column(name="description",length = 65535,columnDefinition="Text")
    private String Description;
    
    @Column(name="address",columnDefinition="char(255)")
    private String Address;

    @Column(name="zipcode",columnDefinition="char(16)")
    private String Zipcode;

    @Column(name="phone",columnDefinition="char(32)")
    private String Phone;

    @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.PERSIST,mappedBy="corporation")
    private List<Employee> employees;
    public List<Employee> getEmployees() {return employees;}
    public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) {
        this.employees = employees;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer _id) {
        this.id = _id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return Name;
    }
    public void setName(String _Name) {
        this.Name = _Name;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return Description;
    }
    public void setDescription(String _Description) {
        this.Description = _Description;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return Address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String _Address) {
        this.Address = _Address;
    }

    public String getZipcode() {
        return Zipcode;
    }
    public void setZipcode(String _Zipcode) {
        this.Zipcode = _Zipcode;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return Phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String _Phone) {
        this.Phone = _Phone;
    }
};

import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.*;

public class CorporationDAO {

    public Integer persist(String name, 
                        String description,
                        String address, 
                        String zipcode,
                        String phone)
    {
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();
	EntityTransaction transaction = em.getTransaction();
	Corporation corporation = new Corporation();
	try {
		transaction.begin();
		corporation.setDescription(description);
		corporation.setAddress(address);
		corporation.setZipcode(zipcode);
		corporation.setPhone(phone);
		em.persist(corporation);
		transaction.commit();
	} catch (RuntimeException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
		transaction.rollback();
	} finally {
		em.close();
	}
	return corporation.getId();
        
    }

    public  void insert ( Corporation c ) {
         
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();       
        em.getTransaction().begin();       
        em.persist(c);     
        em.getTransaction().commit();
    }
     
    public  void update ( Corporation c ) {
         
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();       
        em.getTransaction().begin();       
        em.merge(c);       
        em.getTransaction().commit();
    }
     
    public  void deleteById ( Integer id ) {
         
        Corporation c = findById(id);
         
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();       
        em.getTransaction().begin();       
        em.remove(c);      
        em.getTransaction().commit();
    }
 
    public  List<Corporation> findAll() {
         
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();       
        List<Corporation>  list = em.createQuery(" from Corporation" , Corporation.class).getResultList();       
        return list;
    }
     
    public  Corporation findById(Integer id) {
         
        EntityManager em = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();
        Corporation corporation = em.find(Corporation.class, id);      
        return corporation;
    }

}

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name="employee")
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @Column(name="id_pk")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer   Id;

    @Column(name="corp_fk")
    private Integer Corp_fk; // Foreign key to table corporation

    @Column(name="name",columnDefinition="char(255)")
    private String Name;
    @Column(name="department",columnDefinition="char(64)")
    private String Department;
    @Column(name="title",columnDefinition="char(64)")
    private String Title;
    @Column(name="address",columnDefinition="char(255)")
    private String Address;
    @Column(name="zipcode",columnDefinition="char(16)")
    private String Zipcode;
    @Column(name="phone",columnDefinition="char(32)")
    private String Phone;

    // If the @JoinColumn annotation were omitted, a default foreign key is assumed. 
    // The default foreign key name is the name of the attribute in the source entity 
    // (program in our case), followed by an underscore, followed by the primary key 
    // name in the target entity.
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="corp_fk",nullable=false, insertable=false, updatable=false)
    private Corporation corporation;  // Added to support joined query
    public Corporation getCorporation() {
        return corporation;
    }
    public void setCorporation(Corporation corporation) {
        this.corporation = corporation;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return Id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer _id) {
        this.Id = _id;
    }

    public Integer getCorp_fk() {
        return Corp_fk;
    }
    public void setCorp_fk(Integer _Corp_fk) {
        this.Corp_fk = _Corp_fk;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return Name;
    }
    public void setName(String _Name) {
        this.Name = _Name;
    }

    public String getDepartment() {
        return Department;
    }
    public void setDepartment(String _Department) {
        this.Department = _Department;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return Title;
    }
    public void setTitle(String _Title) {
        this.Title = _Title;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return Address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String _Address) {
        this.Address = _Address;
    }

    public String getZipcode() {
        return Zipcode;
    }
    public void setZipcode(String _Zipcode) {
        this.Zipcode = _Zipcode;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return Phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String _Phone) {
        this.Phone = _Phone;
    }
};

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Date;

@Entity
@Table(name="corp_award")
public class Award {
    @Id
    @Column(name="id_pk")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer   Id;
    @Column(name="corp_fk")
    private Integer   Corp_fk;
    @Column(name="award_date")
    @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
    private Date Award_Date;
    // @Column(name="value")
    // [java] Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Wrong column type in corpinfo.corp_award for column value. Found: enum, expected: varchar(255)
    // The "columnDefinition" fixes this error. Else String expected.
    @Column(name="value",columnDefinition = "ENUM('POOR','OK','GOOD','EXCELLENT','GREAT','PERFECT')")
    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)  // Other option is EnumType.ORDINAL which uses a numerical value.
    private AwardValue Value;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="corp_fk",nullable=false, insertable=false, updatable=false)
    private Corporation corporation;  // Added to support joined query
    public Corporation getCorporation() {
        return corporation;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return Id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer _id) {
        this.Id = _id;
    }

    public Integer getCorp_fk() {
        return Corp_fk;
    }
    public void setCorp_fk(Integer _Corp_fk) {
        this.Corp_fk = _Corp_fk;
    }

    public Date getAward_Date() {
        return Award_Date;
    }
    public void setAward_Date(Date _Award_Date) {
        this.Award_Date = _Award_Date;
    }

    public AwardValue getValue() {
        return Value;
    }
    public void setValue(AwardValue _Value) {
        this.Value = _Value;
    }
};

public enum AwardValue {
   POOR,       // 0
   OK,         // 1
   GOOD,       // 2
   EXCELLENT,  // 3
   GREAT,      // 4
   PERFECT     // 5
}

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
 
public class EMgrUtil {
 
    private static EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
    private static EntityManager        entityManager;
 
    public static EntityManager createEntityManager() {
        if (entityManager == null) {           
          try {
              // com.corpinfo.model is defined in persistence.xml
              entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("com.corpinfo.model");
              entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
          } catch(ExceptionInInitializerError e) {
              throw e;
          }
        }
         
        return entityManager;
    }

    public static EntityManagerFactory getEntityManagerFactory() {
        return entityManagerFactory;
    }

    public static EntityManager getEntityManager() {
        return entityManager;
    }

    public static void close() {
        entityManager.close();
        entityManagerFactory.close();
    }
}

import javax.persistence.*;

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
import org.apache.log4j.Level;
import org.apache.log4j.spi.RootLogger;

import java.util.List;

public class TestDb {
    static{                // Static initializer
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
        RootLogger.getRootLogger().setLevel(Level.WARN);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        EMgrUtil.createEntityManager(); // Call to static method
        CorporationDAO corpDAO = new CorporationDAO();

        // Add a new record to corporation
        Corporation corporation = new Corporation();
        corporation.setId(5);
        corporation.setName("Extra Corp");
        corporation.setDescription("Extra industrial multinational corporation");
        corporation.setAddress("555 Extra Way, Acropolis CA");
        corporation.setZipcode("90267");
        corporation.setPhone("1-800-555-1213");
        corpDAO.insert(corporation);

        Corporation corp5 = corpDAO.findById(5);
        System.out.println("Corp 5 name: " + corp5.getName() + " Zipcode: " + corp5.getZipcode());

        System.out.println("\nList of Corporations:");
        List<Corporation> corpAll = corpDAO.findAll();
        for(int i = 0; i < corpAll.size(); i++)
        {
            System.out.println("Corp: " + corpAll.get(i).getId() + " " + corpAll.get(i).getName());
        }

        corpDAO.deleteById(5);

        System.out.println("\nQuery result:");
        String sql = "SELECT c FROM Corporation c WHERE name=?1";
        EntityManager entityManager = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();
        Query query = entityManager.createQuery(sql);
        query.setParameter(1, "Stone Corp");
        Corporation corp = (Corporation)query.getSingleResult();
        System.out.println("Corp name: " + corp.getName());

        List<Employee> empAll = corp.getEmployees();
        for (Employee employee : empAll) {
           System.out.println("    Employee: " + employee.getName());
        }

        String sql2 = "SELECT a FROM Award a WHERE corp_fk=?1 ORDER BY Award_Date DESC";
        Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery(sql2);
        query2.setParameter(1, corp.getId());
        List<Award> awards = query2.getResultList();
        System.out.println("    Last corporate rating: " + awards.get(0).getValue());

        EMgrUtil.close();
    }

}

...
...

        System.out.println("\nQuery result:");
        String sql = "SELECT c FROM Corporation c WHERE name=?1";
        EntityManager entityManager = EMgrUtil.getEntityManager();
        Query query = entityManager.createQuery(sql);
        query.setParameter(1, "Stone Corp");
        corpAll = query.getResultList();
        for (int i = 0; i < corpAll.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println("Corp name: " + corpAll.get(i).getName());
            List<Employee> empAll = corpAll.get(i).getEmployees();
            for (Employee employee : empAll) {
                System.out.println("    Employee: " + employee.getName());
            }

            String sql2 = "SELECT a FROM Award a WHERE corp_fk=?1 ORDER BY Award_Date DESC";
            Query query2 = entityManager.createQuery(sql2);
            query2.setParameter(1, corpAll.get(i).getId());
            List<Award> awards = query2.getResultList();
            System.out.println("    Last corporate rating: " + awards.get(0).getValue());
        }

...
...